Cli-mate CLI-AP30 Spezifikationen PDF herunterladen (Seite 13)

ii) A second option is to mount the collector on the side of the roof as

shown in image to the right. This configuration will lose some

afternoon or morning light if located on the east or west sides

respectively, but still provides good output. The heat pipes and

manifold will operate fine in this configuration. The “sun tracking”

curve (Incidence Angle Modifier or IAM) will be different than a

normally installed collector. Applying standard IAM adjustments to

any energy output calculations will not be entirely valid.

Note: In either of the above configurations wind loading must be

carefully considered. For more information on wind loading refer to section 3.13.

3.2.2. Collector Plane

a) The collector manifold is normally installed on the flat horizontal plane, but may be installed at an angle

such as when installed sideways on a pitched roof. See previous 3.2.1.b.ii.

b) The collector must not be installed up-side-down (tubes pointing upwards) or with tubes lying horizontally,

because the heat pipes will not function.

3.2.3. Collector Angle

a) The solar collector should be installed at an angle between 20-80

rom horizontal to ensure optimal heat

pipe operation. In areas prone to hail, a minimum angle of 45

is advisable (see section 3.16). In areas

prone to snow, 45

or higher is advisable (see section 3.14) Even with snow sitting on the bottom of tubes,

the heat pipes will work effectively to produce heat, since the aluminum fins tend to conduct heat evenly

throughout the full inner tube length.

c) Under no circumstances should the collector be oriented more than 90

(East or West) from True South,

i.e. Do not mount the collector North.

3.2.4. Avoid Shade

a) Collectors should be located so that shading does not

occur between 9 am - 3 pm, which are the peak solar hours.

Use of a solar shading analysis tool, such as the Solar

Pathfinder is recommended.

b) Partial shading due to small objects such as antennas and

small flues is not a problem.

c) If installing multiple rows of collectors, consider the

shading of collectors on the row behind (especially in winter when the shadows will be longer). Apricus

provides a simple Excel based calculator for determine the length of midday shade at different

installation angles.

3.2.5. Proximity

a) The collector should be positioned as close as possible to the storage tank to avoid long pipe runs. In

new installations, storage tank positioning should therefore consider the location of the solar collector. Long

pipe runs will require the pump to use more power due to greater head pressure (line losses). In addition,

there will be greater heat loss and increased pipe and insulation cost.

b) The storage tank should also be located as close as possible to the most frequent draw off points in the

building or an intelligently controlled hot water ring-mains recirculation line should be installed.

3.3. System Sizing

For residential domestic water heating applications basic “rules of thumb” exist that depend on local climate.

3.3.1. First Question: How much hot water is needed?

a) Rule of thumb:

For domestic hot water each person will use 20 gallons (75 L) per day

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